RAFI-USA

e-Bulletin #11

March 2003

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Alternatives for tobacco farmers

Sustainable Ag Program - Labels & More Labels

Ark. House Passes Contract Grower Protections

Briefs

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Alternatives for Tobacco Farmers

By Jason Roehrig, Project Manager

      Tobacco Communities Reinvestment Fund Project

 

Alan Souther is a tobacco farmer from Alleghany County. He enjoys farm life and would like to think that someday he’ll pass his land on to his children.  But tobacco quotas, a farmer’s share of the tobacco market, have declined by almost 50% over the past five years, threatening the economic stability of many farms and leaving growers like Souther wondering how to keep things going. 

 

Souther needed some way to make his farm economically sound.  After some searching, he decided the best way to assure his farm’s future is to look to the past.  Alleghany County was once a major sheep producing area, and Souther believes that it could be again.  But Souther needed some help in making his dream a reality.

 

That’s where the RAFI-USA came in.  RAFI’s Tobacco Communities Reinvestment Fund was started in 1997 to help tobacco farmers and community groups start alternative enterprises.  According to a continuing study of 1236 tobacco farmers conducted by RAFI and Wake Forest University, farmers said that lack of capital, markets, processing and profitability stand in the way of replacing tobacco income with other enterprises.  The Tobacco Communities Reinvestment Fund addresses those issues through a cost-share grant program. Souther received one of those grants to help with start-up costs for his new sheep operation.

           

"These grants from the Tobacco Trust Fund Commission and RAFI will point the way to new, profitable avenues of production and marketing in North Carolina's diverse farm economy," said Smithson Mills, North Carolina Department of Agriculture and a Reinvestment Fund Review Board Member.

 

"The Tobacco Communities Reinvestment Fund provides an opportunity for farmers to try new marketing and processing strategies in order to get higher value for their crops,” said Betty Bailey, Executive Director of RAFI.  “We are so grateful to the Tobacco Trust Fund Commission for recognizing the importance of this program to keeping North Carolina’s farm families and communities viable."

 

This year RAFI is helping to develop 20 new producer and community demonstration projects like Souther’s.  The demonstration projects represent a variety of approaches to replacing tobacco dollars.

 

Some of the projects are adding value through processing:

  1. James Worley in Columbus County is setting up a mill to make grits from his neighbor’s organic corn. 
  1. A farmer in Ashe County is trying to get a little more of the market dollar by selling her herbal vinegars and wreaths directly to the customer. 
  2. A group of farmers in Northampton County is taking advantage of a local pelletizing mill to develop a new feed ration for ruminants.

 

Some projects are filling a gap in local production:

  1. Keith Barlow and Jeffrey Hartzog don’t believe there is any reason to buy strawberry plants from Canada when they can grow them right here in the mountains of North Carolina. 
  2. A community group in Columbus County has started a mushroom production co-operative that they believe will replace mushroom imports from other states. 

 

Other projects are turning environmental concerns into opportunities:

  1. In Northampton County, David Grant is studying possible uses and marketing strategies for the mountains of gin trash that continue to pile up at cotton gins throughout the Southeastern United States. 
  2. One group of farmers has received a community grant to investigate the feasibility of using poultry litter and row crop residues to power an electrical generating plant. 
  3. Barry Maines in Alleghany County is addressing new environmental concerns in another way, by growing plants for wetland restoration. 

 

The demonstration projects are diverse, reflecting the diversity of opportunities that exist across the state, but they all attempt to replace tobacco income one way or another

 

"There is no shortage of good ideas among farmers, only the capital to implement them. Funding good farmer-initiated projects is a wise investment in our agricultural future and the economic health of our state," said Mills. 

 

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Sustainable Agriculture - Labels and More Labels

 By Michael Sligh, Director, Sustainable Ag Program (See more detail below)

 

1. The Organic Integrity Project  - Our goals are to ensure and maintain the fairest and highest quality organic standards in a post-USDA final rule implementation process.  We are also committed to providing leadership for the critical issues that will remain beyond the USDA process.

 

We have been working with a team of policy makers and NGO’s to establish priorities for preserving organic integrity.  There have already been several critical challenges this year.

 

The most immediate challenges include:

           

·      The inclusion of recent provisions to weaken the organic standard in a $397 billion drought spending bill that would allow meat to be labeled and certified as "organic" even if the animals were partially or entirely fed on non-organic grain.  This would severely curtail the market and production of organic feed, driving hundreds of organic farmers out of business. For more information go to the National Campaign for Sustainable Agriculture web site at  www.sustainableagriculture.net   (action alerts)

 

·      USDA's failure to appoint an independent public peer review panel to oversee its accreditation of organic certifying organizations (the private or state entities that will ensure that organic farmers are actually adhering to organic farming practices and standards.) The result has been the acceptance of a number of potentially "sham" certifiers into the program.

 

There are, of course, still many other outstanding issues which have not yet been resolved; namely building consensus for a national organic transition program, supporting the role of the National Organic Standards Board, retail certification and how fairly the farmer-based certifiers are treated through this implementation process.

 

The newest work in this area has been the continued development of farmer and farm worker (organic and eco-label) guidelines for social justice or what we like to call "just" foods.   It is our goal to build greater consensus and ultimately a set of standards that can be tested by certifiers, farmers and retailers in the private sector.  We are now on our 5th revision of circulated drafts of our "just" food guidelines, which are out for comments and feedback from our colleagues around the world. 

 

A Social Stewardship Forum in Bangkok will be a third in this series to further develop this collaboration among partners who are developing social, economic and cultural justice programs and activities in organic and sustainable agriculture. The meeting will be a catalyst to develop the on-the-ground pilot projects necessary to test the standards- a very import milestone in our work thus far.

 

RAFI is helping to disseminate a survey to assess the current status of social justice trends globally. We will be updating our website soon with information on how to participate in the survey.  See http://www.rafiusa.org

 

2. Eco-labeling - for produce raised with environment-friendly practices and rewards from consumers willing to pay the extra costs

The Greener Fields project was initiated to intensify dialogue among eco-labeling initiatives, evaluate programs and policies that support these efforts, and to build further capacity in the sustainable agriculture labeling community. Phase I of this project was completed in 2000 with the final report Greener Fields: Signposts for Successful Eco-labels.

Phase II: It is our goal to strengthen the US network, to deepen outreach to similar networks in Europe and elsewhere, and to help build more comprehensive labeling opportunities for farmers and consumers. 

To this end, we hosted a Phase II national forum session in St. Louis in October 2001, a similar event near Atlanta in mid-May 2002, and held a network planning event in November 2002 in Boston. We are continuing to develop common principles, terms, network structure, and codes of conduct. We plan to hold a full Forum in June 2003 to implement these initiatives.

The Eco – Labeling Code of Conduct is currently being circulated for signators. The Code of Conduct has been developed by Forum participants to offer a set of standards by which eco labeled products can be assessed.

 

3. Biotech/biodiversity : We are pursuing mandatory, independent pre-market testing of crops to assess Genetically Engineered (GE) contamination and mandatory GE labeling, and to shift the burden of liability to the owners of the biotech patents and away from the farmers, while preventing or slowing down the new introductions of GE crops prior to meeting the above goals.

 

We use the following venues to achieve these goals:

GE legal expert consultations

USDA

UN/FAO/WHO

Codex

US Genetic Engineering Network 

 

We are also planning a farmer manual on the legal and practical implications of genetic engineering contracts or license agreements. 

 

We are working toward a "seed summit" with the goals of strengthening the ties between sustainable agriculture advocates and bio-diversity advocates, helping to foster increased USDA funding for non-GE germ plasm and to encourage farmer/breeder associations to tackle the specific seed needs of local farmers. 

 

We have now developed a team to help shape our campaign to reinvigorate public plant breeding and held a successful "summit" planning meeting in Iowa in February with plans for a national summit in Washington DC in September of 2003.

 

·              Michael is a founder of the Southern Sustainable Agriculture Working Group, (SSAWG), a founder of the National Campaign for Sustainable Agriculture, (NCSA), charter member and founding chair for the National Organic Standards Board, (NOSB), and NGO member to UN / FAO Codex Food labeling Committee. He is a co-author of the Greener Fields Report - Signposts for Successful Sustainable Agricultural labeling and a former farmer and anthropologist.

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Arkansas House Passes a Poultry and Livestock Producer Protection Act

 

In spite of strong opposition from the poultry and hog companies, HB2573  passed in the Arkansas House by a vote of 58 to 30 (12 not voting)  and has been sent to the Senate.  The bill was introduced by Rep. Sam Ledbetter  and co-sponsored by Representatives Hathorn, Milligan, and Prater. 

 

Among other provisions, the bill would require poultry and livestock companies to write contracts that are readable by farmers and that disclose the material risks involved in the contract business. While the bill allows for the option of using arbitration for settling disputes, it also allows for civil actions against the contractor in court with reasonable attorney fees for the prevailing party. The bill also makes it clear that the contract growers have the right to associate with each other to discuss their concerns and problems.

 

The action to introduce this bill is partly the result of Tyson Foods' decision to close its hog operation in Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma this month. Approximately 159 hog farms are left with large debts on their facilities and no income to pay them off or to clean up their lagoons. 

 

When the contract growers planned to sue the company for fraud and misleading information about the business, Tyson Foods reminded the growers that they had signed a contract stipulating that disputes with the company had to be settled in arbitration, not the courts.

 

Contract poultry growers have long had the same needs for the protections listed in the bill, but with Tyson Foods headquartered in Springdale, there seemed to be little chance of passing any protective legislation in Little Rock.

 

The Arkansas legislature adjourns in mid-April. 

 

Briefs:

 

1. Women in Agriculture,  March 21, 2003, a conference at Appalachian State University, NC featured as the keynote speaker, Betty Bailey, Executive Director of RAFI-USA on the topic "Women, Food Systems, and Rural Development.

 

"This was an opportunity to remind folks that in these times when the larger world, our families, friends, and neighbors are in turmoil, it is more important than ever to be connected with agriculture and to be involved in creating food security," Betty said. "There is a craving to know the people behind the food. Consumers want food with a place, a face, and a taste.  That presents new opportunities for women in agriculture who especially appreciate these qualities also," Betty emphasized.

 

 

2. An Unprecedented Opportunity in the Tobacco South

 

Agriculture in the Global Economy, Bread for the World Institute's 13th annual report on the State of World Hunger 2003 included a report from Betty Bailey, Executive Director at RAFI-USA, " North Carolina's Opportunity to Help Small Farms and Rural Communities".

 

This report explains what is happening with the $4.6 billion from tobacco lawsuit settlement monies which North Carolina expects to receive over 25 years. Half of the money goes to the Golden Long Term Economic Advancement Foundation (LEAF). The other half will be split between a Health and Wellness Trust and a Tobacco Trust that benefits farmers, workers and businesses. The Tobacco Trust has recently announced a $3 million round of grants for agricultural and job development, including support for RAFI's reinvestment fund and complementary projects. See Alternatives for Tobacco Farmers above.

 

"The tobacco South has an unprecedented opportunity to revitalize small farms and rural communities through wise application of the settlement funds. States should not forget that small farms are good for the region. They contribute fresh local food, employment, green fields and forests, and much more to southern communities," she said.

 

See Bread For The World's website for  Hunger 2003, 13th Annual Report: http://www.bread.org/institute/hunger_report/index.html   Order the complete report in paperback; 165 pages in color with  graphs and tables for $20  

Or

 Download each chapter separately. Betty's document is in Chapter 2 - .U..S. Farm Policy  http://www.bread.org/pdfs/Hunger-Report-2003/chapter-2.pdf

 

 

3. NEW BOOK

 Learn what it is like to farm with a poultry contract     

        

"Plucked and Burned", by Sylvia Tomlinson is a new book just now in print and available from the publisher, Redbud Publishing, or from Amazon.com.  Based on experiences of poultry farmers around the nation, the story draws the reader into that kind of farm life and its problems. The author has sent copies of the novel to poultry farmers who have assured her that it is true to life.

 

Brother David Andrews agrees.  "Plucked and Burned'….reaches a truth through the form of story that is more powerful than tons of documentation and argumentation. The truth about the poultry industry needs to be told…more importantly though, it needs to be heard, understood, received, and dealt with through justice and equity.  Eating is a moral act. The story "Plucked ad Burned" blazes with moral insight and passion.  My prayer is that it leads to effective and prompt changes in a system that is morally degrading.

Bro. David Andrews, CSC

Executive Director, National Catholic Rural Life Conference

Des Moines, Iowa

 

Read about the book and author at: www.redbudpublishing.com

 

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Rural Advancement Foundation International-USA (www.rafiusa.org)

Edited by Mary Clouse - 919-545-0945; clouses64@yahoo.com

 

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